The setting of the video is in Africa.  It is hosted by the late Walter Cronkite, with appearances from many esteemed scientists from all over the world, and is about the history of man.  The video covers why early hominids began to walk upright and other ways in which early hominid species can be compared and contrasted to human beings.  The scientists explain that although humans have sacrificed in order to be able to walk upright, that it was worth the transformation.Walking upright has given man many more opporutunitites than walking on four legs had it has probably even kept them from exctinction.  Evolution works in mysterious ways, walking upright was one more way that nature made man the most advanced species in the world.
   
Homo erectus began about one million years ago.  They were the first to spread past Africa.  They were the most similar to human beings out of the other types of early hominids.  Human DNA can be traced back to a single early hominid female from Africa who lived around 200,000 years ago.  Humans are relatives of Homo erectus and not of Neanderthals.  Neanderthal DNA does not show a link to that of humans.  Neanderthals seem to have gone extinct while home erectus evolved into modern humans. 
   
They explain that some chimpanzee species evolved into what eventually became humans and some did not.  They claim that evolution doesnt think it just happens.  Under the right conditions, and through selection, early primates eventually became to what are now human beings.  The scientists claim that early hominid primates walked on two legs before the brain had a significant increase in size.  As the brain size increased, early hominid primates were able to perform tasks such as tool making. 

Bipedalism was one of the most significant changes in the evolution of human beings.  Early hominids lived near water in Africa they lived alongside the wildlife.  There were reasons in which they needed to be able to walk upright.  Lucy, an early hominid fossil that was found, is the species Australopithecus.  She was the first species that was known to walk on two legs.  Her fossil ages back to over 3 million years ago.  Unlike four legged primates, those that walk on two legs have more painful childbirths, back problems, knee problems, and other issues associated with the upright shape of the pelvis.  Although there were sacrifices that had to be made in order to be able to walk upright, four legged primates had to evolve to walk on two legs in order to survive.  Africa was drying up the early primates could no longer survive up in the trees.  They had to come down from the trees in order to change forests for food.  With the heat of the sun, and the increasing size of the desert, walking upright got them to the other forests quicker.  Chimpanzees that use four legs are not as quick when having to travel on the ground.  Four legs work great for living in trees, but not for having to cross the desert.  Therefore, as the forests shrunk, they had to evolve to walk upright.
   
I am not surprised by their behavior because animals evolve in order to survive in their surroundings.  If they do not evolve, then they may not survive.  With this in mind, early hominids had to learn to walk upright in order to move quicker across the land in order to find food and escape predators.

All in the Mind
This video covers the differences between the brains of humans and other primate species.  It is hosted by the late Walter Cronkite, with appearances from many esteemed scientists from all over the world.  They explain how over millions of years, the brains of early primates and hominids have evolved, gotten bigger, and more complex.  The complexity of the human brain, as well as its size, allows humans to be able to associate with each other in ways that no other primates can.  Evolution has helped hominids by enlarging the size of their brain with each new species.  The increase in brain size has allowed man to be the most advanced species in the world.

Humans think that they are unique, and they are.  They think that they are superior beings, and they are.  They have a bigger and better brain than any other primate.  The brain is responsible for everything and anything that makes a human, human.  The main difference between the brain of humans and of other primates is a human s ability to acquire a language.  The process of educating restructures the brain.  The bigger and more advanced the brain became, the better primates became at communicating.  Language is needed to transmit culture to the offspring humans can transmit many ideas to their offspring due to their advanced languages.  Within a human brain, there is the ability to create, use, and understand language.
   
Early hominids, just as other primates, communicate through cries and other call noises.  These noises are not able to communicate ideas as complex as those communicated between humans.  The need for food, or the threat of a predator, are two common ideas that would have been exchanged between early hominids.   They could not have been able to discuss complex ideas such as what happens after you die or even if there is a higher power.  Ideas that were communicated had to be simple due to their inability to produce and understand a complex language. 

Human speech allows them to transmit data 3-5 times faster than it could be transmitted without speech.  No only is the exchange of ideas transmitted faster due to advanced speech and increased brain size but it also shows that humans do have freewill.  Humans are able to modify their behavior, and make their own decisions.  Humans have more control over their animal instincts than other primates do. 
   
After watching this video, you can not only have faith that humans are the most advanced species but you can also back up that faith with fact.  Humans are, indeed, the most advanced.  I am not surprised by the facts presented in this video because I was already aware that the human species is the most advanced due to their advanced brain.

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